EOS is a cryptocurrency that powers the EOS.IO blockchain. Calling itself “The most powerful infrastructure for decentralized applications,” EOS.IO is a decentralized system that enables the development, hosting, and execution of commercial-scale decentralized applications (dapp) on its platform.
A dapp built on the EOS.IO platform does not require micropayments by end users to send messages and perform tasks. This is left up to the individual dapp developers to determine how transactions fees (which are extremely low) will be paid. This means companies are free to come up with their own monetization strategies and offer their users service for free or otherwise.
The EOSIO platform was developed by the private company Block.one and released as open-source software on June 1, 2018.
Here is how CEO, Brendan Blumer and CTO Daniel Larimer at Block.one describe it:
https://youtu.be/eRAxrqaqGEQ
An interesting point made by Blumer is “The idea of EOS is that if you’re able to build a basic website you should be able to build/launch a decentralized business.”
Furthermore, it’s also become the #1 (most active) blockchain on Blocktivity.info